Bulgaria is a lesser-known wine territory, with ancient winemaking traditions, and as such may be classified as part of the new world wine movement that consumers are slowly discovering. If you were to mention Bulgarian wines to many people, it is likely that they might not have tried Bulgarian wines before and would be surprised to learn of its winemaking history and background with over 260 registered winemakers!
In 1878, Bulgaria's wine renaissance began following the country's freedom from the Ottoman Empire and in 1980, Bulgaria was recognised as the Eastern Block’s largest wine producer. These days, there are more opportunities to try Bulgarian wines due to a greater focus on the promotion of wines from Central and Eastern Europe. Indeed, there was a Slow Wine Fair in Bulgaria in 2024, the inaugural edition of the Ultimate Central and Eastern European Wine Fair took place in London in June 2024 and, of course, there is the annual International Mavrud Day celebrated on 26 October. In the UK, many of these wines are available through The Jolly Merchants, formerly The Old Cellar, which is a specialist importer and distributor focusing on Bulgaria and the Balkan's winemaking regions.
Within Bulgaria, the wines produced are divided into regions and presently there are two official appellations recognised as Protected Geographical Indications (PGIs) - the Danubian Plains and the Thracian Lowlands, which includes the Thracian Valley. But there is an increased need for greater diversity and as such there is a movement between winemakers, producers and the Bulgarian Association of Wine Professionals to establish more appellations including Rose Valley, Struma Valley and the Black Sea Coast, for example. There are many varieties of grapes found within Bulgaria ranging from indigenous varieties such as Dimyat, Gamza, Mavrud, Melnik, Red Misket and Rubin alongside international varieties that we may all know such as Chardonnay, Merlot and Cabernet Sauvignon. We will therefore take you on this wine journey across Bulgaria to discover its wider range of appellations and grape varieties – are you ready?
Danubian Plains
Did you know that it was the wines from the Northwest of Bulgaria that first sparked international interest in the Bulgarian wine industry? This area contains remarkable, diverse terroirs with an overall continental climate with the norm being for the region to have heavy, cold winters but dry summers. You can find both red and white grape varieties within the Danubian Plains including Rubin and White Misket, whilst Gamza is also a popular grape variety for the region.
The Black Sea Coast is currently also included within the Danubian Plains appellation, but this may change should the appeal for wider appellations be approved. This region covers the North East of Bulgaria with the Black Sea and the Balkans Mountains forming part of the geographical diversity. The region tends to have mild winters which makes this a popular wine tourism location. White wines are popular on the Black Sea Coast, for example Dimyat, Misket and Chardonnay but red wine drinkers need not fear as you can also find wines produced from Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc and Pinot Noir.
We have also selected some wines that you can try from the Danubian Plains appellation – let’s dive in!
Pét-Nat Riesling Extra Brut 2023, Tsarev Brod Winery, Black Sea Coast
Did you know that Pét-Nat is an abbreviation for the French term pétillant naturel, which means naturally sparkling? This is a semi-sparkling wine celebrating the trend towards having natural wines and Pét-Nat uses the Ancestral method of wine production which means that the wine is bottled before the completion of the first fermentation which is vastly different to the traditional method used for champagne and other sparkling wines that have a second fermentation in the bottle. This wine has also been aged for 4 months in the bottle.
The Tsarev Brod Winery planted its first vines, as part of a project in 2001 and these days offers both virtual and in person wine tasting sessions, which will be ideal for those curious about Bulgarian wines. This wine focuses on the Riesling grape variety and has small bubbles with a sweet pear and biscuity aroma on the nose. It is slightly cloudy, as expected for a natural wine, but has an unsweetened, dry, slightly acidic, apple tasting flavour profile but is light enough to be ideal as that aperitif on a summer’s day watching some polo matches!
ABV: 11.5%
Size: 750ml
Find here: £19.99
Cabernet Franc Kavarna Single Vineyard 2022, Odessos Urban Winery, Black Sea Coast
Two brothers from the Vankov family founded this winery which is one of the first urban wineries in Bulgaria. Their aim is to represent the elements from the Black Sea Coast region within their winemaking. 2020 saw the launch of their first vintage and since then they have expanded the amount of grape varieties that they use. Their 2021 vintage of the Cabernet Franc wine had featured within the Top 50 Best Bulgarian wines by DiVino and the wine was also the winner of a silver prize award at the Decanter World Wine Awards. It is therefore unsurprising that the winery has been described as a rising star within the Bulgarian wine industry. Odessos Urban Winery is located close to the Black Sea Coast and the vines that they use are approximately 10 years old and the grapes are hand picked.
This wine is made from 100% Cabernet Franc grape, although this grape is quite often blended with Bordeaux grapes, and has minimal intervention. It is a medium bodied wine of a light ruby colour and has been aged in both Bulgarian oak barrels and stainless steel tanks. As such, there are instantly detectable spicy smells combined with blackcurrants and it is dry on the palate with balanced acidity and an unsweetened chocolate or Black Forest gateau flavour profile evoking that impression of a cherry base. Pair this with cheddar cheese for a wine and cheese night as the nights become cooler.
ABV: 13%
Size: 750ml
Find here: £24.50
Gomotartzi Chardonnay 2020, Bononia Estate, Danube Plain
This is an award winning 100% Chardonnay wine which has collected the bronze in the Decanter 2022 Awards and the silver in the 2022 Chardonnay du Monde awards. The Gomotartzi Chardonnay is produced in the Danube Plain, which is Bulgaria’s second official appellation. The Bononia Estate is located along the banks of the Danube and with an onsite hotel it is a perfect wine tourism destination.
This vintage’s drinking window is up to the year 2026 and it is best served chilled. This is an unoaked Chardonnay, you will be pleased to know, and has a gooseberry aroma on the nose similar to a Sauvignon Blanc with hints of green apple. It is a zesty, crisp Chardonnay with a pronounced intensity and medium finish which will pair well with crab toast and amuses-bouches.
ABV: 13.5%
Size: 750ml
Find here: £18.99
Thracian Lowlands
The Thracian Valley region contains a diverse soil type plus it is a culturally rich area combined with high winds, which will benefit the wine making process overall. Numerous wineries can be found in this location offering different styles ranging from the traditional to new age wines. Highly recommended wines from this region include sparkling wines as well as some outstanding red wines. Surprisingly, the most widely used grape variety appears to be Merlot, closely followed by Cabernet Sauvignon within this region.
The Rose Valley is probably the smallest wine region in Bulgaria, which also includes the fascinating city of Plovdiv. The popular indigenous Mavrud grape variety can be found within this location, which is a versatile, sophisticated wine. Another popular grape variety for this region is the Red Misket. The Rose Valley is an exclusive region, given its small number of wineries, but it is surrounded by the Balkan mountains and it is a popular region for rose flowers, of course.
Struma Valley is located to the Southwest of Bulgaria and tends to be another popular wine tourism destination. Here, is where the majority of the wine production of the Melnik grape variety occurs. As it is a hilly region, there are optimal conditions for the grapes alongside a warm, Mediterranean climate. Therefore, many tourist attractions can be enjoyed within Struma Valley. The region has an ever growing number of wineries that may also provide accommodation should you be following the Bulgarian wine route.
Here are some wines that you can try at home or when travelling within Bulgaria from this Thracian Lowlands region – let’s explore further!
Melnik 55 2022, Logodaj Winery, Struma Valley
The Melnik region along the Struma River is one of the smaller wine producing areas within Southwestern Bulgaria. The Logodaj Winery was founded in 1994 and is situated in the middle of historically significant cities and focuses on growing native Bulgarian varieties such as Melnik 55 as well as some international grapes such as Cabernet Sauvignon and Sauvignon Blanc. Did you know that Melnik 55 was apparently a favourite grape variety of Sir Winston Churchill?!
The Early Melnik Vine aka Melnik 55 is a blend of the Broad Leaf Melnik and pollen from other varieties. This variety typically ripens towards the end of September and may therefore naturally be sweeter. However, this is a fruit forward, off-dry wine with gentle oak barrel maturation. This Melnik 55 has a raisin, dried fruit aroma and may invoke impressions of a fruit cake aroma. It is a ruby red colour, medium bodied with tobacco, juicy red cherry, blackcurrants and spice within its flavour profile to make this a smooth, very quaffable wine with a medium finish. It is a definite crowd pleaser and would be the wine to bring to introduce friends and family to Bulgarian wines and impress them with its versatility.
ABV: 14%
Size: 750ml
Find here: £17
AXL Rose Valley Misket 2023, Chateau Copsa, Rose Valley
Despite its name, this wine has no connection to the Guns N’ Roses lead singer bearing a similar stage name! Instead, the Château Copsa winery was founded by the Minkov family in 1998 and its building certainly resembles a castle with impressive stone towers and houses its own winery!
This wine is made from 100% Red Misket grapes, which is typical for the Rose Valley, and this vintage has a drinking window up to 2027. This Misket wine is part of a limited release from this indigenous grape variety, with just 1300 bottles produced, and has been hand harvested. It is a dry, medium bodied white wine with hints of floral aromas as well as a fruity, pear aroma on the nose. There are stone fruits on the palate and overall this is an easy drinking, smooth, tangy but balanced wine.
You can also experience the beauty of the Rose Valley region and absorb the aromas from the nearby rose and lavender fields. There is a French ambience too, with onsite accommodation, for those seeking an unspoilt holiday destination for that secret escape.
ABV: 13%
Size: 750ml
Find here: £17 - 2023 vintage available September 2024 onwards
Villa Melnik Orange Wine 2020, Thracian Valley
Villa Melnik is a Southwestern family owned vineyard that specialises in being a gravity flow vineyard. There is an emphasis on using local grapes and therefore this orange wine is a blend of the locally grown Bulgarian Keratsunda grape variety and Sauvignon Blanc. This orange wine has skin contact for a few weeks to create that orange hue and is fermented in stainless steel tanks. There is a pleasant fruitiness to this dry wine which is aromatic with a natural wine profile and would work well with cheesy pasta dishes. The winery is also open every day for those wine tours and tastings.
ABV: 12%
Size: 750ml
Find here: £26.95
Pink Side of Rubin Rosé 2022, Georgiev/Milkov, Thracian Valley
This wine has been produced by the young winemakers Georgiev and Milkov who started their project in 2014 and sought to highlight indigenous Bulgarian grapes, such as Rubin and Mavrud on the international stage. Their efforts led to them finding a 40 year old vineyard that had Rubin grapes and the rest, as they say, is history! Rubin was created in 1944 as a blend of Syrah and Nebbiolo – did you know?
This wine has been aged for 4 months in French barrels and has a refreshing, floral and elegant profile. The drinking window for this vintage is up to 2026. It is a salmon pink Provençal style colour with strawberries on the nose and medium intensity but it is dry on the palate and would pair well with almonds for a summer picnic.
ABV: 12.5%
Size: 750ml
Find here: £21.05
Yuli's Shiraz, 2021, Thracian Valley
Yuli’s is a family run winery that has a history of winemaking in Southwest Bulgaria since the 1900s. It is also an award winning winery with a dramatic backstory as the winery fell out of the family’s hands in 1940! But, the present owner founded the winery in 1989 and has undertaken a restoration project.
This is a medium bodied Shiraz with blackberry and tobacco on the nose. It is a purple berry colour and slightly tannic on the palate with a medium finish and a bitter aftertaste. This Shiraz would work well with tomato based dishes.
ABV: 13%
Size: 750ml
Find here: £8.99
Santimenti Mavrud 2022, Zagreus Winery, Thracian Valley
This winery has been producing organic wines since 2010 and planted their first vines in 1998. Zagreus Winery is focused on sustainability and the ecosystem and became Bio certified. Their philosophy is for low intervention. Mavrud is an indigenous Bulgarian grape variety and this medium bodied wine is vegan friendly. It is purple in colour with blackcurrant aromas on the nose as well as white pepper aromas. On the palate, this is a tangy, dry wine with complexity and is a good wine to share to showcase the range that Bulgarian wines have!
ABV: 13.5%
Size: 750ml
Find here: £18
For that extra special treat, we present you with what is known as Bulgaria’s traditional drink, which is Rakia. Whilst this is not a wine, it is a grape Rakia and is similar to Grappa in that sense and can be enjoyed as that digestif to cleanse the palate.
Arkana Rakia from Muscat Ottonel, Seewines Spirit JSC, Thracian Valley
The grape variety for this Rakia is Muscat Ottonel, which involves a fermentation of parts of the juice. Interestingly, SeeWines Spirit JSC planted their first vineyards with Muscat Ottonel in 2016!
This Rakia has had some ageing in oak barrels and is a light golden colour. There is an intensity on the nose with hints of spices and rose to provide that balance. Whilst it has that stronger flavour similar to Brandy and that warmth on the chest there is also a slight floral and honey aftertaste to ensure that it will appeal to most palates. The Arkana Rakia is also an award winner within the Spirits Selection of the 2022 International Competition in Brussels.
ABV: 42%
Size: 700ml
Find here: Currently not available for shipping, but find Rakia here.
You may be wondering why there is no mention of Bulgaria’s capital city Sofia within these wine regions. Indeed, Sofia is carved out but, we do have you covered in that respect if you wish to visit Sofia and its neighbouring areas to partake in some wine tasting and a bit of wine tourism on holiday.
The Sofia Wine Walk company specialises in sommelier led wine tours to 2 or 3 locations, a bit like a bar crawl, where you can experience different wines according to your personal preferences. There are 6 Bulgarian wines to try, with tapas available at some locations, and it is a fun, enjoyable way to explore Bulgarian wines and to meet new people too! You could be a solo traveller for these wine walks or travel with family or friends and these walking wine tasting sessions are also a good gift for a special occasion.
Reservations can be made online too: https://sofiawinewalk.com/en/
As you can see, the Bulgarian wine landscape is emerging and transforming with many new projects and innovations being developed. We hope that this article will provide that inspiration to try another wine region and explore the variety of grapes within Bulgarian wines. As there are various events showcasing Bulgarian wines now, would you be tempted to go to one or to visit Bulgaria for wine tours? We can’t wait to hear about your Bulgarian wine adventures.
By Latoya Austin
